Block Organ Transplant Purchases from China Act of 2025

H.R. 2114, the Block Organ Transplant Purchases from China Act of 2025, would prohibit certain organ transplants and related services that have specified connections to the People's Republic of China. Starting January 1, 2026, it would bar payment, coverage, or provision of a “prohibited organ transplant” (and any associated follow-up care, tests, or drugs) unless the action is necessary to save the life of the patient after the transplant. The bill amends multiple major health programs and the National Organ Transplant Act to (1) forbid Medicare, Medicaid, private health plans, and public plans from funding or reimbursing such transplants, and (2) impose criminal and civil penalties on providers who knowingly violate the prohibition. The Secretary of Health and Human Services would issue implementing rules by 2026 to identify prohibited items and the costs used to calculate civil penalties. The core purpose is to block organ transplants connected to China from being funded, covered, or performed under U.S. programs, with a narrow lifesaving exception. It broadens not only the transplant itself but also any related services (laboratory tests, follow-up care, drugs) tied to a prohibited transplant. The law defines “prohibited organ transplant” as those conducted in China or those not procured through the U.S. Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN).