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HR 2395119th CongressIn Committee

SHORT Act

Introduced: Mar 27, 2025
Standard Summary
Comprehensive overview in 1-2 paragraphs

The SHORT Act (Stop Harassing Owners of Rifles Today Act) would largely remove short-barreled rifles and short-barreled shotguns from the federal definition of firearms under the National Firearms Act (NFA). In plain terms, these weapons would no longer be regulated as NFA firearms at the federal level. The bill also broadens certain NFA-related exceptions, preempts state and local rules intended to tax or register these weapons, requires automatic “deemed compliance” with state licensing for such weapons when they are possessed in accordance with federal firearms law, and would destroy related NFA records within a year. Additionally, it would restructure some NFA categories related to destructive devices and the treatment of shotgun shells and weapons designed to shoot shotgun shells. The act is sponsored and introduced in the House and referred to committees for consideration.

Key Points

  • 1Removes short-barreled rifles and short-barreled shotguns from the definition of firearms under the NFA, reducing federal regulation of these weapons.
  • 2Modifies the NFA’s definition of a destructive device to exclude shotgun shells and any weapon designed to shoot shotgun shells, expanding the set of items not treated as destructive devices.
  • 3Changes certain transfer tax language (conforming amendments) and establishes that shotgun-related items fall under the new framework.
  • 4Adds a provision that, for state or local registration/licensing requirements that reference weapons governed by the NFA, possession or acquisition in accordance with federal law will be treated as meeting those requirements (deemed compliance).
  • 5Preempts state and local laws taxing or requiring marking/registration of short-barreled rifles or short-barreled shotguns; such state laws would have no force or effect.
  • 6Requires destruction of related NFA records within 365 days, including registrations, transfer applications, and maker applications for applicable weapons (as defined by the bill), effectively erasing federal trace records for these weapons.
  • 7Effective date: the amendments apply to calendar quarters beginning after the 90-day period following enactment.

Impact Areas

Primary group/area affected:- Owners and potential owners of short-barreled rifles (SBRs) and short-barreled shotguns (SBSs): federal NFA controls would largely be removed, reducing federal regulatory barriers (e.g., no NFA tax stamps or transfer requirements for these weapons).Secondary group/area affected:- State and local governments: preemption of certain state taxes and registration/marking requirements related to SBRs/SBSs; potential shifts in enforcement and regulatory responsibilities.- Firearms sellers and manufacturers: potential market implications due to reduced federal oversight and record-keeping; destruction of NFA records would alter how these weapons are traced at the federal level.Additional impacts:- Law enforcement and transparency: destruction of NFA records would reduce federal traceability of these weapons within a year of enactment, potentially affecting background checks and tracing in criminal investigations.- Legal clarity: the bill attempts to align treatment of SBRs/SBSs with lawful possession by deeming compliance with state licensing when possession is consistent with federal firearms law, potentially reducing friction between federal and state requirements.- The bill does not reverse all existing federal restrictions on firearm possession (for example, prohibitions on certain categories of individuals or activities still apply under other laws).
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