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HR 3550119th CongressIntroduced

No Resettlement Without Representation Act

Introduced: May 21, 2025
ImmigrationSocial Services
Standard Summary
Comprehensive overview in 1-2 paragraphs

No Resettlement Without Representation Act would overhaul how the United States admits and resettles refugees. The bill would replace the current practice—where the President proposes refugee admission numbers and Congress typically approves via annual appropriations or determinations—with a system in which Congress must pass joint resolutions to authorize the number of refugees who may be admitted in each fiscal year. The President would still make recommendations, but those would function as inputs to Congress rather than final authority. In addition, the bill would give states a veto power over refugee resettlement: a state chief executive could block the placement of refugees in that state, with a requirement that state officials be informed 30 days before a refugee is set to be resettled there. Overall, the bill inserts more direct congressional control and state-level blocking authority into refugee admissions and resettlement. The practical effects could include slower or more variable refugee admissions, greater intergovernmental negotiation, and potential geographic shifts in where refugees are placed. It would likely affect refugee resettlement agencies, state governments, and local communities, in addition to those seeking refuge themselves.

Key Points

  • 1Congress would set annual refugee admission numbers through joint resolutions, replacing a presidential determination with a congressional authorization process (beginning with fiscal year 2025 for certain provisions).
  • 2The President would submit an early-year recommendation for refugee admissions to Congress, but no refugees could be admitted under the main refugee program until a joint resolution enacted by Congress sets the number for that year.
  • 3The bill would require the term used for planning/advice to change from “determination” to “recommendation,” and would formalize the requirement for Congress to enact a joint resolution to approve admissions under both the core refugee program and related subsections.
  • 4Section 3 adds a new “Limitation on Resettlement” provision: a state chief executive may block resettlement or placement of refugees in that state, and federal agencies must notify the state authority at least 30 days before a refugee is resettled there.
  • 5A state-level veto is in addition to the federal requirement for congressional approval, creating a two-tier barrier to refugee admissions and placement.

Impact Areas

Primary group/area affected: Refugees and refugee resettlement programs (federal agencies administering refugee programs, resettlement NGOs, and the communities where refugees would be placed).Secondary group/area affected: State governments and state-level officials (state chief executives) who gain formal authority to approve or block refugee resettlement within their borders.Additional impacts: The change to require congressional joint resolutions could slow or alter annual refugee admissions, increase legislative control over immigration policy, and potentially create more variability year to year. Localities may experience planning uncertainty due to the need to coordinate with state and federal authorities and to respond to shifts in resettlement decisions. There may also be legal and constitutional questions about the interplay between federal refugee programs and state authority, depending on how court challenges develop.
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