Protecting Children from Experimentation Act of 2025

The Protecting Children from Experimentation Act of 2025 would add a new criminal provision to 18 U.S.C. chapter 110 (Sec. 2260B) making it a federal offense for a health care professional to perform or aid in gender transition procedures on a minor, under specified circumstances. The act imposes penalties of up to 5 years in prison, fines, or both. It also creates a private civil remedy for individuals on whom such procedures are performed and prohibits arrest or prosecution of the minor who receives the procedure. The federal trigger for enforcement relies on various connections to interstate or foreign commerce (e.g., travel, payments, communications, or use of interstate facilities). The bill defines key terms (including “gender transition,” “gender transition procedure,” and “minor”) and provides a broad list of procedures that qualify as gender transition procedures, with several exclusions (notably for certain disorders of sexual development and other medical considerations, and for puberty-suppressing treatment in cases of precocious puberty, among others). In short, if enacted, the bill would criminalize most gender transition procedures performed on minors by health care professionals under federal law when the outlined interstate-connection criteria are met, while also giving patients a civil action option and limiting enforcement against the minor.