National Emergencies Reform Act of 2025

The National Emergencies Reform Act of 2025 would overhaul how national emergencies are declared, renewed, and ended, placing stronger checks on the President and providing greater congressional oversight and transparency. Key changes include a formal declaration process with explicit authority cited, a hard 20-session/legislative-day window to act on emergencies, and a requirement for joint resolutions of approval to continue or renew emergency powers. The bill also creates automatic time limits, a five-year cap on permanent emergencies, tighter rules around the use of certain authorities, new reporting requirements for emergency spending, and mandatory disclosure of presidential emergency action documents. Additionally, it repeals the NEA Title III and revises related procedures and budget accountability. In short, the bill aims to force more frequent congressional review, curb open-ended emergency powers, increase transparency of spending during emergencies, and restrict the duration and scope of emergencies unless Congress approves them.