MAPS Act

The MAPS Act (Mapping America’s Pharmaceutical Supply Act) would create a coordinated, government-wide approach to identify and mitigate health and national security risks in the pharmaceutical supply chain. It establishes an Essential Medicines List (EML), requires a comprehensive risk assessment of the supply chains for the medicines on that list, and mandates the creation of a system to map and monitor supply chains using data analytics. The goal is to identify vulnerabilities—such as dependence on foreign suppliers, single-supplier risks, or cybersecurity threats—and to outline ways the federal government can strengthen resilience, including potential use of the Defense Production Act. The act envisions ongoing interagency coordination, information sharing with appropriate protections for confidential or trade-secret information, and regular reporting to Congress on progress and gaps. Data sharing would include details about manufacturing locations, production volumes, and regulatory actions, aiding predictive modeling and policy responses. In practice, the bill would require HHS to maintain and regularly update the EML, update it within 180 days of enactment for the first time, and publish updates at defined intervals (not less than every two years). It would also require annual risk assessments and 18-month progress reports on mapping efforts, data analytics use, and industry engagement. Overall, the bill seeks to strengthen domestic manufacturing capacity, diversify supply sources, and improve early warning and response to shortages or disruptions in essential medicines.