Judicial Reorganization Act of 2025

This bill, the Judicial Reorganization Act of 2025, would reorganize the federal appellate system by splitting the current Ninth Circuit into two separate circuits and creating two additional circuit judgeships for the reorganized Ninth Circuit. Specifically, it designates the “former Ninth Circuit” as the Ninth Circuit before the change, creates a new Ninth Circuit (covering California, Guam, and Hawaii) and a new Twelfth Circuit (covering Alaska, Arizona, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington), and assigns two additional circuit judgeships to the former Ninth Circuit. The bill also reorganizes where cases are heard (including court locations), determines how current judges are reassigned, and provides transitional rules for cases filed before the effective date. The changes would take effect one year after enactment, with a separate provision allowing administrative adjustments for the transition to occur over a two-year period, and funding to be authorized as needed.