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HR 5310119th CongressIn Committee

Fairness and Accountability of Appeals Act of 2025

Introduced: Sep 11, 2025
Civil Rights & Justice
Standard Summary
Comprehensive overview in 1-2 paragraphs

Fairness and Accountability of Appeals Act of 2025 amends the Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act to require reimbursement of an applicant’s attorney fees if the applicant won an appeal or arbitration of a disaster relief decision. Specifically, if an applicant who requests an appeal under the law’s appeals process or arbitration under its arbitration option receives a favorable decision, the Federal government (the Administrator) must reimburse the applicant for their attorney’s fees related to that appeal or arbitration. The bill aims to make the appeals process more accessible and responsive by ensuring that successful applicants aren’t burdened by legal costs, though it does not specify caps, definitions of fees, or processes for reimbursement.

Key Points

  • 1Adds new subsection (e) to Section 423, establishing a right to attorney’s fees reimbursement for successful appeals/arbitrations.
  • 2Applies to appeals requested under subsection (a) or arbitration under subsection (d) of Section 423.
  • 3Reimbursement is required only when the applicant receives a favorable decision following the appeal/arbitration.
  • 4The reimbursement obligation falls on the Administrator (the FEMA Administrator under the Stafford Act).
  • 5The bill does not define fee caps, what counts as “attorney’s fees,” reasonable vs. unreasonable fees, or the reimbursement process/timeline.

Impact Areas

Primary group/area affected: Disaster-affected individuals and households who pursue appeals or arbitration of aid decisions; potential beneficiaries include those who previously avoided appeals due to cost concerns.Secondary group/area affected: The federal government and FEMA, which would bear the cost of reimbursing attorney fees and may need to implement an administrative process for fee verification and reimbursement.Additional impacts: Potential increase in the number of appeals/arbitrations, shifts in access to legal representation, and indirect effects on FEMA’s budget and workload. There may be considerations about fee-structure transparency, potential for large reimbursements in high-stakes cases, and ensuring fees are reasonable and appropriately documented.
Generated by gpt-5-nano on Oct 8, 2025